A percepção das outras mentes segundo Agostinho
DOI:
10.69577/2965-6257.2024.15Palavras-chave:
Agostinho, Outras mentes, Percepção, Analogia, Descartes, Russell, Ryle, Alma, Mente, Augustine, Other minds, Perception, Analogy, Soul, MindResumo
Este artigo dissipa a leitura cartesiana do tratamento de Agostinho sobre a própria mente e as outras mentes por meio do exame de passagens-chave do De trinitate e do De civitate Dei. Por um lado, Agostinho argumenta vigorosamente que a mente é indubitável e imaterial; mas, por outro, ele repudia a tese fundamental da tradição dualista: a separação entre espírito invisível e corpo visível. A autoconsciência imediata da mente inclui a consciência da vida, isto é, a de animar um corpo. Cada um de nós anima o próprio corpo; ver outros corpos animados permite-nos ver outras almas ou mentes animadoras. A afirmação de Agostinho relativa à animação deixa-nos perceber que outras mentes estão presentes, mas a negação de Descartes a respeito da animação faz com que outras mentes estejam inelutavelmente ausentes. A alma, segundo Agostinho, não é fantasma, porque o corpo, segundo ele, não é máquina.
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